Disease X: Is the World Ready to Face Another Pandemic Caused by an Unknown Pathogen?

The concept of Disease X was introduced by the World Health Organization in 2018 as a potential novel infectious agent with pandemic potential. The designation aims to prioritize preparedness, with COVID-19 being considered a recent example of Disease X. The distinction between biodisasters and intentional bioterrorism becomes crucial in understanding and preparing for such risks, emphasising the need for global cooperation and investment in pandemic preparedness.